/* * Project name: POV++ * Copyright: (c) Andrew Hazelden, 2010. * Email: andrewhazelden@gmail.com * Blog: http://www.andrewhazelden.com * Project Webpage: http://www.andrewhazelden.com/blog/2010/11/digital-poi-spinning-persistence-of-vision-display/ * Revision History: Nov 7, 2010 First version Dec 6, 2010 Prepared for first public release * Description: This is the POV++ ( persistence of vision) display source code 8 LEDs are connected to PORTA of the PIC Microcontroller. The rotational resolution of the display is based upon a 24 inch long cord. There are only uppercase characters in the premade character set. Lowercase characters won't be displayed. * PIC resources required: 11 bytes of RAM are used 6107 bytes of ROM are used * Test configuration: Compiler: MikroC Pro for PIC v4.15.0.0 MCU: PIC18F2685 INT RC - Internal Oscillator - 32 MHz MCLR Disabled */ char counter; int digit_counter=0; //8 pixels high x 7 pixels wide letters const char letter_SPC[8]= {0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; const char letter_newline[8]= {0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; const char letter_A[8]= {31,36,68,132,68,36,31}; const char letter_B[8]= {255,137,137,137,137,137,118}; const char letter_C[8]= {126,129,129,129,129,129,66}; const char letter_D[8]= {255,129,129,129,129,70,60}; const char letter_E[8]= {255,137,137,137,129,129,129}; const char letter_F[8]= {255,136,136,136,136,128,128}; const char letter_G[8]= {126,129,129,137,137,143,72}; const char letter_H[8]= {255,8,8,8,8,8,255}; const char letter_I[8]= {129,129,129,255,129,129,129}; const char letter_J[8]= {142,129,129,254,128,128,128}; const char letter_K[8]= {255,16,16,16,40,68,131}; const char letter_L[8]= {255,1,1,1,1,1,1}; const char letter_M[8]= {255,128,128,112,128,128,255}; const char letter_N[8]= {255,64,32,16,8,4,255}; const char letter_O[8]= {126,129,129,129,129,129,126}; const char letter_P[8]= {255,136,136,136,136,136,112}; const char letter_Q[8]= {124,130,138,134,131,130,124}; const char letter_R[8]= {255,136,136,136,140,138,113}; const char letter_S[8]= {98,145,145,145,137,137,70}; const char letter_T[8]= {128,128,128,255,128,128,128}; const char letter_U[8]= {255,1,1,1,1,1,255}; const char letter_V[8]= {248,4,2,1,2,4,248}; const char letter_W[8]= {254,1,1,14,1,1,254}; const char letter_X[8]= {129,2,36,24,36,66,129}; const char letter_Y[8]= {128,0,32,31,32,64,128}; const char letter_Z[8]= {131,133,137,145,161,193,129}; const char letter_0[8]= {0,126,133,137,145,161,126}; const char letter_1[8]= {0,33,65,255,1,1,0}; const char letter_2[8]= {65,131,133,137,137,145,99}; const char letter_3[8]= {66,129,129,137,137,149,98}; const char letter_4[8]= {0,12,20,36,68,255,4}; const char letter_5[8]= {121,137,137,137,137,137,134}; const char letter_6[8]= {126,137,137,137,137,137,134}; const char letter_7[8]= {128,128,128,143,144,160,192}; const char letter_8[8]= {118,137,137,129,137,137,118}; const char letter_9[8]= {112,137,137,129,137,137,126}; const char letter_PERIOD[8]= {0,0,0,15,7,0,0}; const char letter_COMMA[8]= {0,0,0,6,7,0,0}; const char letter_QUOTE[8]= {0,120,120,0,120,120,0}; const char letter_SINGLE_QUOTE[8]= {0,0,0,120,120,0,0}; const char letter_QUESTION[8]= {0,96,128,141,144,144,96}; const char letter_EXCLAIM[8]= {0,0,0,253,0,0,0}; const char letter_AT[8]= {0,126,153,165,165,153,120}; const char letter_NUM[8]= {36,255,36,36,36,255,36}; const char letter_DOLLAR[8]= {36,82,82,255,74,74,36}; const char letter_PERCENT[8]= {65,162,68,24,34,69,130}; const char letter_CARRAT[8]= {12,48,64,128,64,48,12}; const char letter_AMPERSAND[8]= {67,163,149,137,141,147,114}; const char letter_ASTERISK[8]= {201,42,28,255,28,42,201}; const char letter_LEFT_PAREN[8]= {0,0,0,126,129,0,0}; const char letter_RIGHT_PAREN[8]= {0,0,129,126,0,0,0}; const char letter_DASH[8]= {8,8,8,8,8,8,8}; const char letter_UNDERSCORE[8]= {1,1,1,1,1,1,1}; const char letter_PLUS[8]= {8,8,8,255,8,8,8}; const char letter_EQUALS[8]= {36,36,36,36,36,36,36}; const char letter_TILDE[8]= {16,48,32,32,16,48,32}; const char letter_TICK[8]= {0,0,96,112,0,0,0}; const char letter_COLON[8]= {0,0,102,102,0,0,0}; const char letter_SEMICOLON[8]= {0,0,102,103,0,0,0}; const char letter_BACK_SLASH[8]= {1,2,4,24,32,64,128}; const char letter_FORWARD_SLASH[8]= {128,64,32,24,4,2,1}; const char letter_LEFT_CHEVRON[8]= {0,36,66,129,0,0,0}; const char letter_RIGHT_CHEVRON[8]= {0,129,66,38,24,24,0}; const char letter_TAB[8]= { 255,255,255,255,255,255,255}; // The tab character makes a solid block. const char letter_LEFT_BRACKET[8]= {0,0,0,255,129,129,0}; const char letter_RIGHT_BRACKET[8]= {0,129,129,255,0,0,0}; const char letter_SMILIE[8]= {126,137,165,133,165,137,126}; const char letter_HEART[8]= {120,252,126,63,126,252,120}; const char letter_DEGREE[8] = {0,48,72,64,48,0,0}; const char letter_CENTS[8] = {0,60,66,255,66,36,0}; const char letter_EURO[8] = {20,126,149,149,129,66,0}; const char letter_PILCROW[8] = {0,48,120,255,128,255,0}; const char letter_BULLET[8] = {0,60,126,126,126,60,0}; //8x18 icons const char icon_SPC[19]= {255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255,255}; //blank icon const char icon_MOUNTAINS[19]= {1,1,3,7,15,31,63,127,255,255,127,63,31,15,7,3,1,1}; //mountain range icon const char icon_INVERTED_MOUNTAINS[19]= {254,254,252,248,240,224,192,128,0,0,128,192,224,240,248,252,254,254}; //inverted mountains const char icon_CHECKER[19]= {170,85,170,85,170,85,170,85,170,85,170,85,170,85,170,85,170,85}; // fine checker pattern const char icon_BLOCK[19]= {0,255,255,195,195,195,195,195,195,195,195,195,195,195,195,255,255,0}; //Hollow block icon const char icon_SMILEY[19]= {0,0,126,129,129,137,133,165,133,133,133,165,133,137,129,129,126,0}; //smiley icon const char icon_GREEK[19]= {2,254,128,128,158,146,146,242,2,2,254,128,128,158,146,146,242,2}; //Greek Pattern const char icon_HELICAL[19]= {195,195,192,224,96,112,56,28,15,199,192,192,192,192,224,104,124,62}; //helical pattern const char icon_INVERTED_HELICAL[19]= {60,60,63,31,159,143,199,227,241,56,60,63,63,63,31,151,131,193}; // inverted helical pattern // allows icons to be used with plain english lowercase names enum icon_list{ space, mountain, inverted_mountain, checker, block, smiley, greek, helical, inverted_helical}; enum icon_width{ thin, wide }; // thin == 0, wide == 1 //function to print a 8x7 single character void printChar(char letter); //function to print an 8x18 icon void printIcon(char icon, int wide); //0 = thin, 1 = wide void main() { int n, i, repeat; // INTOSC configuration ***START*** //asm{ sleep } command behavior //0 to enable sleep mode //1 to enable idle mode OSCCON.IDLEN = 0 ; //INTOSC clock speed //111 = 8mhz then turn on PLL for 32mhz //111 and no PLL = 8mhz //100 = 1 mhz //000 = 31.25 khz OSCCON.IRCF2 = 1 ; OSCCON.IRCF1 = 1 ; OSCCON.IRCF0 = 1 ; //select the low speed INTOSC / INTRC clock source //only relevant if you want to run at 31 khz and the IRCF0-2 registers = 000 //1 = 31.25 khz clock derived from INTOSC //0 = 31.00 khz clock derived from INTRC, maximum power savings, least accurate //OSCTUNE.INTSRC = 1 ; //Used to turn on the PLL function when the INTOSC speed is set to either 4 or 8 mhz //0 turns off the PLL //1 turns it on, used to get 32 mhz when the IRCF0-2 registers = 111 OSCTUNE.PLLEN = 1 ; // INTOSC configuration ***END*** TRISA = 0x00; // set direction to be output PORTA = 0x00; // turn OFF the PORTD leds while (1) { //start word cycle // 60 characters per rev @ 60 ms per rotation / 6 repeats per rev = 10 characters for (repeat=0;repeat<24;repeat++){ //fill a revolution for(n=0;n<6;n++){ //spaces left digit counter digit_counter = 0; printChar('A'); printChar('N'); printChar('D'); printChar('R'); printChar('E'); printChar('W'); printChar(' '); printChar('\t'); //pad with spaces if digit counter is below zero if(digit_counter<10) { for (i=digit_counter;i<10;i++){ printChar(' '); } }//end if digit counter }//end for n } //end for repeat //END word cycle //wide icon printing (15 wide characters per rev) for (repeat=0;repeat<20;repeat++){ for(n=0;n<15;n++){ printIcon(inverted_helical, wide); //print helical pattern double wide } } //end repeat //wide icon printing (15 wide characters per rev) for (repeat=0;repeat<20;repeat++){ for(n=0;n<15;n++){ printIcon(helical, wide); //print helical pattern double wide } } //end repeat //wide icon printing (15 wide characters per rev) for (repeat=0;repeat<30;repeat++){ for(n=0;n<15;n++){ printIcon(greek, wide); //print greek pattern double wide } } //end repeat //wide icon printing (15 wide characters per rev) for (repeat=0;repeat<20;repeat++){ for(n=0;n<15;n++){ printIcon(mountain, wide); //print mountain_ICON shape double wide } for(n=0;n<15;n++){ printIcon(inverted_mountain, wide); //print inverted mountain shape double wide } } //end repeat //wide icon printing (15 wide characters per rev) for (repeat=0;repeat<20;repeat++){ for(n=0;n<15;n++){ printIcon(checker, wide); //print checker shape double wide } } //end repeat //start first word cycle // 60 characters per rev @ 60 ms per rotation / 4 repeats per rev = 15 characters for (repeat=0;repeat<24;repeat++){ //fill a revolution for(n=0;n<2;n++){ //spaces left digit counter digit_counter = 0; printChar(' '); printChar(' '); printChar('P'); printChar('O'); printChar('V'); printChar(' '); printChar('D'); printChar('I'); printChar('S'); printChar('P'); printChar('L'); printChar('A'); printChar('Y'); printChar(' '); printChar('\t'); }//end for n } //end for repeat //END first word cycle //start first word cycle // 60 characters per rev @ 60 ms per rotation / 1 repeats per rev = 30 characters for (repeat=0;repeat<24;repeat++){ //fill a revolution //spaces left digit counter digit_counter = 0; printChar(' '); printChar(' '); printChar('A'); printChar('B'); printChar('C'); printChar('D'); printChar('E'); printChar('F'); printChar('G'); printChar('H'); printChar('I'); printChar('J'); printChar('K'); printChar('L'); printChar('M'); printChar('N'); printChar('O'); printChar('P'); printChar('Q'); printChar('R'); printChar('S'); printChar('T'); printChar('U'); printChar('V'); printChar('W'); printChar('X'); printChar('Y'); printChar('Z'); printChar(' '); printChar('\t'); printChar(' '); } //end for repeat //END first word cycle //start first word cycle // 60 characters per rev @ 60 ms per rotation / 1 repeats per rev = 30 characters for (repeat=0;repeat<24;repeat++){ //fill a revolution //spaces left digit counter digit_counter = 0; printChar(' '); printChar(' '); printChar('['); printChar('1'); printChar('2'); printChar('3'); printChar('4'); printChar('5'); printChar('6'); printChar('7'); printChar('8'); printChar('9'); printChar('0'); printChar(']'); printChar(' '); printChar('!'); printChar('@'); printChar('#'); printChar('$'); printChar('%'); printChar('^'); printChar('&'); printChar('*'); printChar('('); printChar(')'); printChar('-'); printChar('+'); printChar('_'); printChar('='); printChar('\t'); printChar(' '); } //end for repeat //END first word cycle //start word cycle // 60 characters per rev @ 60 ms per rotation / 2 repeats per rev = 15 characters for (repeat=0;repeat<24;repeat++){ //fill a revolution for(n=0;n<2;n++){ printChar(' '); printChar(' '); printChar(' '); printChar('I'); printChar(' '); printChar(174); //heart character is double wide printChar(' '); printChar('P'); printChar('I'); printChar('C'); printChar(' '); printChar(' '); printChar(' '); printChar('\t'); }//end for n } //end for repeat //END word cycle //checker cube printing for (repeat=0;repeat<10;repeat++){ for(n=0;n<32;n++){ PORTA = 15; Delay_ms(16); PORTA = 240; Delay_ms(16); } } //end repeat } //end while loop } //end main // ---------------------------------------------------------- // // The printChar function prints prints a single 8x7 chracter. // // ---------------------------------------------------------- void printChar(char letter){ int n; digit_counter++; for(n=0;n<8;n++){ if(letter == 'A') PORTA = letter_A[n]; else if(letter == 'B') PORTA = letter_B[n]; else if(letter == 'C') PORTA = letter_C[n]; else if(letter == 'D') PORTA = letter_D[n]; else if(letter == 'E') PORTA = letter_E[n]; else if(letter == 'F') PORTA = letter_F[n]; else if(letter == 'G') PORTA = letter_G[n]; else if(letter == 'H') PORTA = letter_H[n]; else if(letter == 'I') PORTA = letter_I[n]; else if(letter == 'J') PORTA = letter_J[n]; else if(letter == 'K') PORTA = letter_K[n]; else if(letter == 'L') PORTA = letter_L[n]; else if(letter == 'M') PORTA = letter_M[n]; else if(letter == 'N') PORTA = letter_N[n]; else if(letter == 'O') PORTA = letter_O[n]; else if(letter == 'P') PORTA = letter_P[n]; else if(letter == 'Q') PORTA = letter_Q[n]; else if(letter == 'R') PORTA = letter_R[n]; else if(letter == 'S') PORTA = letter_S[n]; else if(letter == 'T') PORTA = letter_T[n]; else if(letter == 'U') PORTA = letter_U[n]; else if(letter == 'V') PORTA = letter_V[n]; else if(letter == 'W') PORTA = letter_W[n]; else if(letter == 'X') PORTA = letter_X[n]; else if(letter == 'Y') PORTA = letter_Y[n]; else if(letter == 'Z') PORTA = letter_Z[n]; else if(letter == '0') PORTA = letter_0[n]; else if(letter == '1') PORTA = letter_1[n]; else if(letter == '2') PORTA = letter_2[n]; else if(letter == '3') PORTA = letter_3[n]; else if(letter == '4') PORTA = letter_4[n]; else if(letter == '5') PORTA = letter_5[n]; else if(letter == '6') PORTA = letter_6[n]; else if(letter == '7') PORTA = letter_7[n]; else if(letter == '8') PORTA = letter_8[n]; else if(letter == '9') PORTA = letter_9[n]; else if(letter == '.') PORTA = letter_PERIOD[n]; else if(letter == ',') PORTA = letter_COMMA[n]; else if(letter == 34 ) PORTA = letter_QUOTE[n]; //standard straight quote else if(letter == 147 ) PORTA = letter_QUOTE[n]; //left quote else if(letter == 148 ) PORTA = letter_QUOTE[n]; //right quote else if(letter == 39 ) PORTA = letter_SINGLE_QUOTE[n]; //straight single quote else if(letter == 145 ) PORTA = letter_SINGLE_QUOTE[n]; //left single quote else if(letter == 146 ) PORTA = letter_SINGLE_QUOTE[n]; //right single quote else if(letter == '?') PORTA = letter_QUESTION[n]; else if(letter == '!') PORTA = letter_EXCLAIM[n]; else if(letter == '@') PORTA = letter_AT[n]; else if(letter == '#') PORTA = letter_NUM[n]; else if(letter == '$') PORTA = letter_DOLLAR[n]; else if(letter == '%') PORTA = letter_PERCENT[n]; else if(letter == '^') PORTA = letter_CARRAT[n]; else if(letter == '&') PORTA = letter_AMPERSAND[n]; else if(letter == '*') PORTA = letter_ASTERISK[n]; else if(letter == '(') PORTA = letter_LEFT_PAREN[n]; else if(letter == ')') PORTA = letter_RIGHT_PAREN[n]; else if(letter == '-') PORTA = letter_DASH[n]; else if(letter == '_') PORTA = letter_UNDERSCORE[n]; else if(letter == '+') PORTA = letter_PLUS[n]; else if(letter == '=') PORTA = letter_EQUALS[n]; else if(letter == '~') PORTA = letter_TILDE[n]; else if(letter == '`') PORTA = letter_TICK[n]; else if(letter == ':') PORTA = letter_COLON[n]; else if(letter == ';') PORTA = letter_SEMICOLON[n]; else if(letter == 92 ) PORTA = letter_BACK_SLASH[n]; else if(letter == '/') PORTA = letter_FORWARD_SLASH[n]; else if(letter == '<') PORTA = letter_LEFT_CHEVRON[n]; else if(letter == '>') PORTA = letter_RIGHT_CHEVRON[n]; else if(letter == 9 ) PORTA = letter_TAB[n]; // The tab character makes a solid block. else if(letter == '[' ) PORTA = letter_LEFT_BRACKET[n]; else if(letter == ']' ) PORTA = letter_RIGHT_BRACKET[n]; else if(letter == ' ') PORTA = letter_SPC[n]; else if(letter == 169) PORTA = letter_SMILIE[n]; // SMILIE WAS PLACED IN THE COPYRIGHT ASCII CHARACTER else if(letter == 174) PORTA = letter_HEART[n]; // HEART WAS PLACED IN THE REGISTERED TRADEMARK ASCII SYMBOL else if(letter == '\n') PORTA = letter_newline[n]; else if(letter == 162) PORTA = letter_CENTS[n]; //cents symbol else if(letter == 176) PORTA = letter_DEGREE[n]; //degree symbol else if(letter == 128) PORTA = letter_EURO[n]; //euro symbol else if(letter == 182) PORTA = letter_PILCROW[n];//pilcrow paragraph symbol else if(letter == 149) PORTA = letter_BULLET[n]; //bullet character else PORTA = letter_newline[n]; //If an invalid ascii character is selected put an empty box. if (letter == 169) Delay_ms(2); //letter_SMILIE is printed double wide else if(letter == 174) Delay_ms(2); // letter_HEART is printed double wide else Delay_ms(1); // 600 positions per rev @ 1 ms per pixel column - adjust this to compensate for rpm differences } // 2 empty pixel rows PORTA = 0; Delay_ms(2); // adjust this to compensate for rpm differences } //end printChar function // ---------------------------------------------------------- // // The printIcon function prints prints a single 8x18 icon. // wide == 1 enables double width icon printing. // wide == 0 prints a thin icon. // // ---------------------------------------------------------- void printIcon(char icon, int wide){ int n; for(n=0;n<18;n++){ if(icon == space) PORTA = icon_SPC[n]; else if(icon == mountain) PORTA = icon_MOUNTAINS[n]; else if(icon == inverted_mountain) PORTA = icon_INVERTED_MOUNTAINS[n]; else if(icon == checker) PORTA = icon_CHECKER[n]; else if(icon == block) PORTA = icon_BLOCK[n]; else if(icon == smiley) PORTA = icon_SMILEY[n]; else if(icon == greek) PORTA = icon_GREEK[n]; else if(icon == helical) PORTA = icon_HELICAL[n]; else if(icon == inverted_helical) PORTA = icon_INVERTED_HELICAL[n]; else PORTA = icon_SPC[n]; //print character double wide if true if (wide) Delay_ms(2); // adjust this to compensate for rpm differences else Delay_ms(1); // 600 positions per rev @ 1 ms per pixel column - adjust this to compensate for rpm differences } //is the digit 2 or 4 characters wide? if (wide) digit_counter += 4; else digit_counter += 2; } //end printIcon function